The Memory performance object consists of counters that describe the behavior of physical and virtual memory on the computer. Physical memory is the amount of random access memory on the computer. Virtual memory consists of the space in physical memory and on disk. Many of the memory counters monitor paging, which is the movement of pages of code and data between disk and physical memory. Excessive paging, a symptom of a memory shortage, can cause delays which interfere with all system processes.
Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory properties
Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory has 46 properties (37 Local, 9 Derived)
'Available Bytes is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use. It is equal to the sum of memory assigned to the standby (cached), free and zero page lists.'
'Available KBytes is the amount of physical memory, in Kilobytes, immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use. It is equal to the sum of memory assigned to the standby (cached), free and zero page lists.'
'Available MBytes is the amount of physical memory, in Megabytes, immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use. It is equal to the sum of memory assigned to the standby (cached), free and zero page lists.'
'Cache Bytes the size, in bytes, of the portion of the system file cache which is currently resident and active in physical memory. The Cache Bytes and Memory\\System Cache Resident Bytes counters are equivalent. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Cache Bytes Peak is the maximum number of bytes used by the system file cache since the system was last restarted. This might be larger than the current size of the cache. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Cache Faults/sec is the rate at which faults occur when a page sought in the file system cache is not found and must be retrieved from elsewhere in memory (a soft fault) or from disk (a hard fault). The file system cache is an area of physical memory that stores recently used pages of data for applications. Cache activity is a reliable indicator of most application I/O operations. This counter shows the number of faults, without regard for the number of pages faulted in each operation.'
'Commit Limit is the amount of virtual memory that can be committed without having to extend the paging file(s). It is measured in bytes. Committed memory is the physical memory which has space reserved on the disk paging files. There can be one paging file on each logical drive). If the paging file(s) are be expanded, this limit increases accordingly. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Committed Bytes is the amount of committed virtual memory, in bytes. Committed memory is the physical memory which has space reserved on the disk paging file(s). There can be one or more paging files on each physical drive. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Demand Zero Faults/sec is the rate at which a zeroed page is required to satisfy the fault. Zeroed pages, pages emptied of previously stored data and filled with zeros, are a security feature of Windows that prevent processes from seeing data stored by earlier processes that used the memory space. Windows maintains a list of zeroed pages to accelerate this process. This counter shows the number of faults, without regard to the number of pages retrieved to satisfy the fault. This counter displays the difference between the values observed in the last two samples, divided by the duration of the sample interval.'
'Free & Zero Page List Bytes is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, that is assigned to the free and zero page lists. This memory does not contain cached data. It is immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use.'
'Free System Page Table Entries is the number of page table entries not currently in used by the system. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Modified Page List Bytes is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, that is assigned to the modified page list. This memory contains cached data and code that is not actively in use by processes, the system and the system cache. This memory needs to be written out before it will be available for allocation to a process or for system use.'
'Page Faults/sec is the average number of pages faulted per second. It is measured in number of pages faulted per second because only one page is faulted in each fault operation, hence this is also equal to the number of page fault operations. This counter includes both hard faults (those that require disk access) and soft faults (where the faulted page is found elsewhere in physical memory.) Most processors can handle large numbers of soft faults without significant consequence. However, hard faults, which require disk access, can cause significant delays.'
'Page Reads/sec is the rate at which the disk was read to resolve hard page faults. It shows the number of reads operations, without regard to the number of pages retrieved in each operation. Hard page faults occur when a process references a page in virtual memory that is not in working set or elsewhere in physical memory, and must be retrieved from disk. This counter is a primary indicator of the kinds of faults that cause system-wide delays. It includes read operations to satisfy faults in the file system cache (usually requested by applications) and in non-cached mapped memory files. Compare the value of Memory\\Pages Reads/sec to the value of Memory\\Pages Input/sec to determine the average number of pages read during each operation.'
'Pages Input/sec is the rate at which pages are read from disk to resolve hard page faults. Hard page faults occur when a process refers to a page in virtual memory that is not in its working set or elsewhere in physical memory, and must be retrieved from disk. When a page is faulted, the system tries to read multiple contiguous pages into memory to maximize the benefit of the read operation. Compare the value of Memory\\Pages Input/sec to the value of Memory\\Page Reads/sec to determine the average number of pages read into memory during each read operation.'
'Pages Output/sec is the rate at which pages are written to disk to free up space in physical memory. Pages are written back to disk only if they are changed in physical memory, so they are likely to hold data, not code. A high rate of pages output might indicate a memory shortage. Windows writes more pages back to disk to free up space when physical memory is in short supply. This counter shows the number of pages, and can be compared to other counts of pages, without conversion.'
'Pages/sec is the rate at which pages are read from or written to disk to resolve hard page faults. This counter is a primary indicator of the kinds of faults that cause system-wide delays. It is the sum of Memory\\Pages Input/sec and Memory\\Pages Output/sec. It is counted in numbers of pages, so it can be compared to other counts of pages, such as Memory\\Page Faults/sec, without conversion. It includes pages retrieved to satisfy faults in the file system cache (usually requested by applications) non-cached mapped memory files.'
'Page Writes/sec is the rate at which pages are written to disk to free up space in physical memory. Pages are written to disk only if they are changed while in physical memory, so they are likely to hold data, not code. This counter shows write operations, without regard to the number of pages written in each operation. This counter displays the difference between the values observed in the last two samples, divided by the duration of the sample interval.'
'% Committed Bytes In Use is the ratio of Memory\\Committed Bytes to the Memory\\Commit Limit. Committed memory is the physical memory in use for which space has been reserved in the paging file should it need to be written to disk. The commit limit is determined by the size of the paging file. If the paging file is enlarged, the commit limit increases, and the ratio is reduced). This counter displays the current percentage value only; it is not an average.'
'Pool Nonpaged Allocs is the number of calls to allocate space in the nonpaged pool. The nonpaged pool is an area of system memory area for objects that cannot be written to disk, and must remain in physical memory as long as they are allocated. It is measured in numbers of calls to allocate space, regardless of the amount of space allocated in each call. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Pool Nonpaged Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the nonpaged pool, an area of the system virtual memory that is used for objects that cannot be written to disk, but must remain in physical memory as long as they are allocated. Memory\\Pool Nonpaged Bytes is calculated differently than Process\\Pool Nonpaged Bytes, so it might not equal Process(_Total)\\Pool Nonpaged Bytes. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Pool Paged Allocs is the number of calls to allocate space in the paged pool. The paged pool is an area of the system virtual memory that is used for objects that can be written to disk when they are not being used. It is measured in numbers of calls to allocate space, regardless of the amount of space allocated in each call. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Pool Paged Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the paged pool, an area of the system virtual memory that is used for objects that can be written to disk when they are not being used. Memory\\Pool Paged Bytes is calculated differently than Process\\Pool Paged Bytes, so it might not equal Process(_Total)\\Pool Paged Bytes. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Pool Paged Resident Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the portion of the paged pool that is currently resident and active in physical memory. The paged pool is an area of the system virtual memory that is used for objects that can be written to disk when they are not being used. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Standby Cache Core Bytes is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, that is assigned to the core standby cache page lists. This memory contains cached data and code that is not actively in use by processes, the system and the system cache. It is immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use. If the system runs out of available free and zero memory, memory on lower priority standby cache page lists will be repurposed before memory on higher priority standby cache page lists.'
'Standby Cache Normal Priority Bytes is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, that is assigned to the normal priority standby cache page lists. This memory contains cached data and code that is not actively in use by processes, the system and the system cache. It is immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use. If the system runs out of available free and zero memory, memory on lower priority standby cache page lists will be repurposed before memory on higher priority standby cache page lists.'
'Standby Cache Reserve Bytes is the amount of physical memory, in bytes, that is assigned to the reserve standby cache page lists. This memory contains cached data and code that is not actively in use by processes, the system and the system cache. It is immediately available for allocation to a process or for system use. If the system runs out of available free and zero memory, memory on lower priority standby cache page lists will be repurposed before memory on higher priority standby cache page lists.'
'System Cache Resident Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the portion of the system file cache which is currently resident and active in physical memory. The System Cache Resident Bytes and Memory\\Cache Bytes counters are equivalent. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'System Code Resident Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the pageable operating system code that is currently resident and active in physical memory. This value is a component of Memory\\System Code Total Bytes. Memory\\System Code Resident Bytes (and Memory\\System Code Total Bytes) does not include code that must remain in physical memory and cannot be written to disk. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'System Code Total Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the pageable operating system code currently mapped into the system virtual address space. This value is calculated by summing the bytes in Ntoskrnl.exe, Hal.dll, the boot drivers, and file systems loaded by Ntldr/osloader. This counter does not include code that must remain in physical memory and cannot be written to disk. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'System Driver Resident Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the pageable physical memory being used by device drivers. It is the working set (physical memory area) of the drivers. This value is a component of Memory\\System Driver Total Bytes, which also includes driver memory that has been written to disk. Neither Memory\\System Driver Resident Bytes nor Memory\\System Driver Total Bytes includes memory that cannot be written to disk.'
'System Driver Total Bytes is the size, in bytes, of the pageable virtual memory currently being used by device drivers. Pageable memory can be written to disk when it is not being used. It includes both physical memory (Memory\\System Driver Resident Bytes) and code and data paged to disk. It is a component of Memory\\System Code Total Bytes. This counter displays the last observed value only; it is not an average.'
'Transition Faults/sec is the rate at which page faults are resolved by recovering pages that were being used by another process sharing the page, or were on the modified page list or the standby list, or were being written to disk at the time of the page fault. The pages were recovered without additional disk activity. Transition faults are counted in numbers of faults; because only one page is faulted in each operation, it is also equal to the number of pages faulted.'
'Transition Pages RePurposed is the rate at which the number of transition cache pages were reused for a different purpose. These pages would have otherwise remained in the page cache to provide a (fast) soft fault (instead of retrieving it from backing store) in the event the page was accessed in the future. Note these pages can contain private or sharable memory.'
'Write Copies/sec is the rate at which page faults are caused by attempts to write that have been satisfied by coping of the page from elsewhere in physical memory. This is an economical way of sharing data since pages are only copied when they are written to; otherwise, the page is shared. This counter shows the number of copies, without regard for the number of pages copied in each operation.'
'The Name property defines the label by which the statistic or metric is known. When subclassed, the property can be overridden to be a Key property. '
'The Memory performance object consists of counters that describe the behavior of physical and virtual memory on the computer. Physical memory is the amount of random access memory on the computer. Virtual memory consists of the space in physical memory and on disk. Many of the memory counters monitor paging, which is the movement of pages of code and data between disk and physical memory. Excessive paging, a symptom of a memory shortage, can cause delays which interfere with all system processes.'